What term describes the location of a celestial body as projected down to the Earth's surface?

The term that describes the location of a celestial body as projected down to the Earth's surface is "Geographic Position." This concept involves taking the observable position of a celestial object, such as a star or planet, and translating it to the Earth's surface, essentially pinpointing where that celestial object's position corresponds to a location on Earth.

In navigation, maintaining an accurate geographic position is crucial for determining a vessel's location based on celestial observations. This concept emphasizes the relationship between celestial navigation and the Earth’s geospatial context, enabling navigators to plot courses accurately.

The other terms listed do not accurately represent this specific process. "Celestial Position" refers more to the object’s location in the sky rather than its projection to Earth. "True Position" typically concerns the actual position of a navigational fix, while "Geodetic Position" relates to coordinates derived from geodetic points rather than celestial observations.